Critique The Student Author Anil Toraty on topicWhy is it important

Critique The Student Author Anil Toraty on topicWhy is it important Critique The Student Author Anil Toraty on topic:Why is it important for leader performance achievement to be measured reported â€" Assignment Example > Measuring and Reporting Leaders’ Performance and Achievement Measuring and Reporting Leaders’ Performance and Achievement Organizations that perform well usually develop and set out effective performance measurement for its leaders. Performance measurement helps an organization in evaluating their programs, processes and employees. Key performance indicators evaluate progress of programs and processes for achieving an organization’s goals and objectives. The paper provides a critical analysis of the work of Anil Toraty on the reasons for carrying out performance and achievement measurement in an organization. Anil approaches the topic with a focus on three major areas that include measurement, reporting and importance of performance and achievement to leaders. Measurement of Performance and Achievement Anil fails to introduce the topic under discussion. A brief paragraph should introduce the topic and extensively expound on it, which gives the reader an insight on what the paper presents. The introduction used in this critique offers a suggestion on how to introduce the topic on performance and achievement measurement. It is prudent to discuss the subtopics only after introducing the main topic. The reader is unable to link the idea of measuring performance with the topic under discussion at this stage. Poor referencing appears in the second sentence of the introductory section. A good suggestion could be that Mitzberg, Kotter and Spitzer extensively wrote on the importance of conducting performance measurement within business organizations. Anil does not give a clear explanation of how measuring the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) makes performance visible. First, there should be an explanation on what Key Performance Indicators are. According to Spitzer (2007, p. 40), KPIs ar e precise measurements reflecting the critical success factor of business. KPIs vary depending on the organization, and are usually long-term. Instead of just making shallow statement that KPIs make performance visible, a brief discussion on functions of KPIs is appropriate. KPIs provide business leaders with measurable standards that they can use to track the progress and implement changes in an organization (Frederickson Frederickson 2006, p. 39). KPIs find their use mostly when businesses perform strategic planning. In the process of carrying out strategic planning, KPIs helps to benchmark the business’ current performance. Even though the preceding sentences attempt to elaborate more on the significance of performance measurement, Anil does not give proper explanation on this area. Measuring performance benefits the business in many ways. First, it helps in identifying if the business is meeting the needs of customers (Spitzer 2007, p. 58). Second, it helps in understanding the processes in an organization, which then can make chief executive officers to be aware of problems in an organization. In addition, performance measurement points out areas that need improvement, hence ensures accomplishment of organizational goal and objectives. Anil’s paper fails to address measurement of achievement. The first section only discuses measurement of performance, but it should to be in one section. Addressing measurement of achievement gives a comparison between the two in terms of their significance in a business organization. According to Marshall and Marshall, 2011, measuring achievement bases on the results of business processes (p. 18). Therefore, measuring achievement helps an organization identify accomplished goals and objectives. Reporting of Performance and Achievement A detailed discussion is evident in the section of reporting performance and achievement. The section shows facts on every detail. Moreover, Anil uses Harvard Business Review to enhance the reader’s understanding of reporting leader’s performance and achievement. Reporting leader’s performance and achievements involve listing the names of top managers and other executive officers of a different organization (Marshall Marshall 2011, p. 10). There are establishments that specifically do this work, for instance the Harvard Business Review as outlined in Anil’s paper. Although Anil’s discussion on this section is good, purpose for reporting leader’s performance does not come out clearly. Anil, should state that reporting leader’s performance and achievement is mainly to motivate the best performing executive officers in an organization. Individuals feel motivated if they receive appreciation for a job well done. Importance of Measuring and Reporting Leader’s Performance The final section of the paper is equally good and gives a detailed explanation on the importance of measuring and reporting performance and achievement in an organization. However, the paper ought to provide further explanations on how measuring and reporting leader’s performance help in the formulation of organizational visions and goals (Institute of Medicine 2006, p. 329). Leaders with demonstrated managerial skills can formulate goals and objectives to ensure success of the business. It is important to discuss that measuring leader’ performance acts to motivate them to continue striving and maintain the high operation standards already established. The content of Anil’s paper is relatively exhaustive on discussing the topic of measuring and reporting of leaders’ performance with an organization. In addition, there are instances of improper referencing in Anil’s paper as criticized above. Bibliography Frederickson, D Frederickson, G 2006, Measuring the Performance of the Hollow State, Georgetown University Press, Washington. Institute of Medicine 2006,  Performance Measurement: Accelerating Improvement, National Academies Press, Washington D. C. Marshall, E. Marshall, E 2011, Transformational Leadership in Nursing: From Expert Clinician to Influential Leader, Springer, New York. Spitzer, D 2007,  Transforming Performance Measurement: Rethinking the Way We Measure and Drive Organizational Success, Amacom, New York.

Inventories Goods Purchased For Resale And Consumable Stores Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

In this assignment let us more understanding the topic of accounting for inventories .We know got two of inventory valuation methods and two of inventory system .We also know the meaning of cost and lower of cost or market (LCM) and Net realizable value (NRV).Then ,we know real business how to use this all method in business . II Definition of Inventories Inventories are assets of : To held for sale in not unusual course of the business ,also called in finished goods . In work that have not been completed but incurred in capital investment in company ,also called in work in progress. And a material or substance that purchase required to use in production of goods or service for the sale ,also called in raw material . Goods that purchases for resale and consumable stores . Two of inventory valuation methods First in first out (FIFO) method is meaning the first goods or first assets that received or produced are the first goods to issued .During economic inflation ,the closing inventory and profit is higher and cost of goods sold is lower. Because older inventory from the earlier lower price purchases will be issue out for sales first in lower cost of goods sold out . FIFO may be used by aÂÂ  individualÂÂ  or a corporation. Weight Average Cost (WAC) method is meaning use the cost of goods available for Sale then divided it by use the sum amount of goods from the purchases and beginning inventory. Then this will give us Weighted Average Cost per unit. The physical count is to performed in the ending inventory to decide the amount of goods left in company. Lastly , the amount are multiply of the Weighted Average Cost per Unit after that to get the estimate the ending inventory cost. Two of Inventory System The Perpetual inventory system is can also call continuous system .Its system means of inventory on hand can determined at any time so that the profit can calculated as frequently as management requires in monthly or any time. The Periodic inventory system is usually only count all inventory items on business at the end of the accounting period .It process of count inventory causes disruption to the normal routine of business. Cost and lower of cost or market (LCM) and Net realizable value (NRV) Cost is the value of money of the product, items, services and also other items that buy for using of business. Cost also can given up to make decision of decide the price of the product. Product will depend on cost to decide whether the price should high or low. Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) is a way to report inventory. When the lower of cost or market is applied to inventory, the accountant will list the item at the lower of the cost. If the inventory has decreased below historical cost then the value will reduced and also report on balance sheet Net realizable value (NRV) is value of an asset that can be realized by a company, less a reasonable prediction of the costs associated. Net realisable value is generate equal to selling price of the inventory goods less than selling costs. Then to get the net realizable value is use the estimated selling price or current market price minus all the expenditure to incurred and before complete the sales that call selling cost. In pr udence concept ,cost more than NRV ,the company required use NRV to value its inventory. Cost less than NRV ,the company required use cost to value its inventory III Illustrations In illustrations we were give five example of real business .We will explain each real business use which inventories method, inventory system and choose lower of cost or market (LCM) or Net realizable value (NRV). First ,Macdonald company is an international company that provides people a source of fast food in now a busy world. Macdonalds practiced FIFO method in their stocks because they are in food industry and the freshness of their serving is important, therefore Macdonald will clear out their earlier stock faster to prevent the loss in their freshness of food. This means the raw materials are used in order they are receive. So that, stock in Macdonald is always good quality to sold to customers because their products are sold in the order they are made. When they use First In, Last Out (FILO)method , then their finished product (food) will be smelly not good and not fresh or mildew because the first product that prepared is most last to sold out to customers. Macdon alds is use the amount that lowers of cost or market as of the balance sheet date of inventories minus all valuation and other allowances. It did not include the non-current inventory in their balance sheet. The company uses the lower of cost or market to ensure that their company valuation is fair. Macdonald uses the perpetual inventory system, this is because they business operate in large number of stock in stock out, therefore they have to have instance visual on their preparation of raw material, enough supply of foods, drinks and else. Second,TOMEI company sell luxury goods, they have various type of accessory in gold, silver. TOMEI handle their raw material inventory by using WAC method. There is because the raw material such as gold and silver conservation period is long. They handle their raw material using WAC because when TOMEI process the raw material, what they needed is not only simple gold as an accessory, it might add with silver or else. Therefore the use o f WAC is reasonable from TOMEI to manage their inventory. TOMEI value their inventory using NRV, as we know that the inventory of TOMEI is raw material in gold or silver, as this will be material in their reporting of their financial position. TOMEIs valued the inventory by NRV or selling price, to ensure that the shareholders benefit and to build a good position to the public acknowledgement. The refreshment of their inventory will be in periodic system. The raw material of the luxury goods will take time for the miner to mine. Therefore TOMEI buy in large quantity if they needed or they will have to mine themselves for raw gold and silver. Third ,The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf or more well known as coffee bean, besides franchising their business, they are actually in food industry that provides high quality of coffee, serving of delights. Coffee Bean they have their own stock kept. In terms of valuating their stock they practice FIFO methods. Where this method is recogni ze by IFRS, and also practice parallel with their business activities. FIFO methods is main used to clear off the stock which came in first where most company will use to ensure that there is no loss of inventory due to expiry. Coffee Bean uses NRV method to value their stock kept. They have many branch to take care as the branch have different management system, therefore they try to make it equal and same for all. As Coffee Bean mostly will be in franchised, their stock will be in perpetual system, they will always keep all their records, books. To guarantee there what menu stated will be provided. Third , Dell have been operating for more than 26 years, Dell has branches over the world, communities, customers to use technology to realize their dreams. Dell product is more towards technology and software. Dell manage their hardware inventory by WAC method, as we know that dell is producing a complete set of technology product, for example a desktop, it is not important where the hardware use is first in or last in. The finished goods will be run on a test, the parts that malfunctions will be replaced. Dell is an international company that operates to handle thousand of customer a day. Their value of stock will be valued according to NRV, the NRV will directly influence the securities of Dell, it is due to the inventory will be a major asset of them. Dell companies practice perpetual system for their inventory maintenance, with the system Dell companies will have their real time records on their inventory. It will help them to secure for the production and also to keep up with the order from their customer. Finally, Intel is a global brand with offices in more than 25 countries, major of production of Intel will be chipset and computers processor. As Intel is a huge company that has strict inventory management, FIFO method is used to monitor the activities of the inventory. The main reason for this method is used is because it can help to clear out the stock that eventually coming in for quiet a moment. For most of the international company, NRV will be use to value their stock inventory as this will affect in the balance sheet and also will have an effect on the security of the company. Intel practices a periodic system on their inventory checking. In order to keep up to the speed of the production Intel have to purchase raw material frequently, therefore a periodic supply of the material in an important fact to Intel.

Malware And Its Effects On Society - 1294 Words

Just like a biological virus, a computer virus is able to infect and ruin lives. This malicious software constitutes more than just simple viruses but also includes other types of software including worms, Trojan horses, and ransomware. Malware has been around since the late 1980’s. Originally, people became hackers to gain notoriety online, but today, it has become more of a business. Cyber attacks originate from all around the world, and it is not just individual people that benefit from it. In two decades, numerous cyber crime syndicates have been created, and states all over the world sponsor hacker groups. Over the past twenty-five years, malware has become less about checking the integrity of computer security and gaining notoriety in the underground cyber society, and it has become more of a chaos creating, money making business that many people and institutions take part in. 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The Success Of An Overseas Business Venture - 1968 Words

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Political Representation Of Political Violence - 1337 Words

When embarking on a study of the representation of political violence in drama, it is essential first of all to establish some agreed-upon terms and frames of reference, and some reasonably stable understanding of the object of study. Political violence as a subject for dramatic representation can be seen as a special category of what is called political drama more generally. Political drama can be understood to include such ingredients as the clash of political philosophies and strategies in concrete situations, the struggle for political power through democratic or extra-democratic means, the maneuverings, triumphs and defeats of parties, groups and classes in pursuit of their political goals, and the ceaseless weighing of ends and means in that pursuit. As a field of human activity and commitment, politics, broadly defined, has furnished material for a huge number of plays, engaging audiences in the recurring variations of personal and political dilemmas. 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The Declaration Of War Against The Great Britain - 956 Words

One of the many challenges the founding father faced,when creating the system of government we still follow to this day, was what powers should each part of government be given. After winning the war against the Great Britain and declaring freedom one of the concern they had was in creating a leader that has a great deal of power and becoming almost like the monarchy they fought against. Creating the president, which didn t exist under the confederation, was seen as one of best outcomes of the convention since it provided a focal point for the government. One thing for sure that most founding fathers agreed upon was limiting the president’s power and making Congress be responsible for critical issues. One of these crucial responsibility given to congress is the declaration of war. Even though the president is the commander in chief of the army and is also responsible for the conduct and execution of the war; the actually declaration is a power assigned to congress, which is found in Article 1, section 8 of the constitution.One thing that needs clarification,when it comes to the issues of how a country get’s involved in a war is understanding the difference between declaring war and engaging in a war. Declaring a war is a formal statement made by a governmental body, in our case by congress, stating that the U.S. is about to enter into a war with another nation. On the other hand ,if the U.S. is invaded,attacked or if the well being of the citizens is inShow MoreRelatedCompare And Contrast Patrick Henry And Thomas Jefferson1220 Words   |  5 Pagestook action to receive independence from Great Britain. The two revolutionary leaders are remarkably comparable and contrastable from each other. 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Immigrant Families in the US Free Essays

1) Immigrant families in the United States Immigrants feel that their roles, beliefs, values, etc. are not as effective as the Unites States’, thus becoming stressful. â€Å"Therefore, in addition to the typical normative (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigrant Families in the US or any similar topic only for you Order Now g., family transitions) and nonnormitive (e.g., family natural disasters) stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change relates to migration and acculturation† (Bush et al., 2010, p.287). Immigrants feel that they have to change their ways and it not only becomes stressful to the family members but also to the whole family system. The best way that immigrants have adapted is with integration. By combining their old ways with the new ways of the United States culture, they find comfort. Another common stressor is language barriers. â€Å"The inability to read signs, posted warnings, food labels, job applications, and materials related to children’s schooling is a frustration experience for many immigrants and can lead to increased pressure to learn English† (Bush et al., 2010, p.289). For adults who don’t have English classes to attend or the transportation to get to one, don’t get the social support they need in the United States. A lot of women, especially in Asian cultures, are not prepared for social skills outside of the family. On the up side stressors from the family system can be very positive and increase adaption. â€Å"Religion, spirituality, ethnic communities, and enclaves, shared cultural values, and informal and formal social support can serve as resources that aid immigrant families in adaption† (Bush at el., 2010, p.305). 2) â€Å"The ability to meet debt obligations, credit card use, and frequency of late payments made by credit users are all important factors in assessing subjective economic stress. Financial satisfaction appears to be directly related to credit practices and attitudes† (Bartholomae et al., 2010, p.193). Couples balance their financial differences by coping to deal with these matters. Social support and financial resources help to do so. Couples are also better equipped to deal with economic stress when they have a high self esteem and control over their finances. However some family members lose their job, get divorces, sick, or in debt so bad that bankruptcy takes place. This becomes severe economic stress. 3) I agree 100% that same sex marriages should be able to have legally bound assets, especially if they have children together. â€Å"Widespread legal recognition of LGB-parent families will help foster acceptance of these families, ensure the protection of these via the provision of standard rights and benefits and promote the stability and security of LGB-parent families and their children, thereby contributing to their health and well being† (Goldberg, 2010, p.279).Not granting legal recognition also questions a couples ability to commit and their stability. 4) When immigrants live in an ethnic enclave they find it easier to cope with their surroundings and face less prejudice and discrimination. Women also find it easier to work because most can bring their child to work because most can bring their child to work with them. Although there are a lot of benefits within enclaves I don’t necessarily believe it will completely help a family with their problems. What if their child/children leave the enclave someday? Will they be prepared for the outside world? And what if the enclave was destroyed? I feel that they would have an easier time in the long run if they gradually introduced themselves to the outside world. When children become interpreters for serious matters such as applying for social service benefits, it is stressful for them. â€Å"In such a situation, children are likely to feel the stress of adult responsibilities, whereas their parents may feel the stress of role reversal that comes from relying on children for their survival and well being† (Bush et al., 2010, p.290).When children take on these tasks they are not allowed to mature normally and they can become more dependent than their parents. Children can also misinterpret language. For example, saying â€Å"she fell off a latter† when really meaning â€Å"she fell down the stairs†. Immigrant families adjust to their new home better when living in familiar surroundings. The communities can also give social support by making it easy to meet friends with similar experiences and backgrounds. How to cite Immigrant Families in the US, Essay examples